help me understand the relationship between firmware and hardwired wheel behavior

[on one]

Ninebot Z10 for example. I installed the @MRN76 firmware in my Z10, but my wheel still has the bult in bump alarm and the clank hard bump alarm in tact. Consider that firmware can be modified to allow greater power from the controller. It makes me wonder if there are certain factors that are built into the controller that firmware will never be able to modify. How does this vary between manufacturers?

[UniVehje]

Considering the manufacturers are competing in specs, I don't think they would leave available power without usage by firmware. There was probably a reason for their decisions. And can you tell more about how to get more power from the controller? I know there was a mod made for Z10 to increase forced tilt back speed but that just reduces safety margin and does not give more power. 

Basically everything is controlled by firmware. It regulates the power from battery to motor so that the wheel stays balanced. These vehicles cannot be ridden simply hard wired directly like you could a two wheeled vehicle. 

On Begodes and LeaperKims you can remove tilt back all together and then you can ride as fast as the wheel has power available with a risk of over lean and fall. On KingSong and InMotion there is a non-removable tilt back at certain top speed with some reserve left untapped for safety. But I've never hear of anybody getting more raw power out by modifying firmware. I guess it could be possible with a risk of over burdening some parts on the board that were designed with some safety margin in specs. 

[on one]

3 hours ago, UniVehje said:

On Begodes and LeaperKims you can remove tilt back all together and then you can ride as fast as the wheel has power available with a risk of over lean and fall.

If tilt back is enabled at a lower speed, say, on KS14D, will that reduce the probability of a cut out substantially?

3 hours ago, UniVehje said:

But I've never hear of anybody getting more raw power out by modifying firmware.

@EUCzero, posted that Begode increased the power output of their controller through a firmware upgrade a little while after the release of a wheel.

[Chriull]

2 hours ago, on one said:

If tilt back is enabled at a lower speed, say, on KS14D, will that reduce the probability of a cut out substantially?

The slower one drives the more torque is available. It's a linear function - at standstill one has maximum torque, at no load/lift cut off speed available torque is zero. So depending on ones needed torque and choosen speed reduction probability of an overlean could be substantially reduced. I don't like the word cut out to describe an overlean. Although it feels as if - there is nothing cut off or out.

Just at "slower/?medium" speeds torque is limited by firmware (as the controller cannot handle as high motor currents) - in this region the safety margin is independent of speed.

2 hours ago, on one said:

@EUCzero, posted that Begode increased the power output of their controller through a firmware upgrade a little while after the release of a wheel.

The above mentioned motor current limit could be changed by firmware incresing torque/power output at loweredium speeds.

At higher speeds some torque could be "gained" by "field weaking" which as it seems some wheels firmware use?

[on one]

6 minutes ago, Chriull said:

So depending on ones needed torque and choosen speed reduction probability of an overlean could be substantially reduced.

Awesome, that's what I have been wanting some assurance on because I have my tilt back set to 15mph so that I can be safer than at 18mph and also so that  I can comply with my local ordinances.

8 minutes ago, Chriull said:

At higher speeds some torque could be "gained" by "field weaking" which as it seems some wheels firmware use?

Please explain what is meant by "field weaking"

[Chriull]

57 minutes ago, on one said:

Please explain what is meant by "field weaking

The magnetic field in the motor is weakened so back emf (induced voltage) is lower and by this the motor can revolve faster with the same battery voltage.

This could be used to increase top speed in firmware and by this somewhat the safety margin. As torque is reduced it'll depend on the actual situation if it could help or not.

I have no idea how, to which extend and with which implications/advantages it's implemented in which wheels firmwares. Or if it was just some rumour...